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              <h1 class="page-title"><div style="padding:10px;">【GPU技术】透视校正插值</div></h1>
      
      
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          <span class="submitted">由 创新网小编 于 星期六, 2014-04-19 14:10 发表</span>
  

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<p> 
在3D渲染中，输入数据是一些primitive信息，包括顶点位置、颜色、纹理坐标等等。在光栅化阶段，primitive(一般为三角形)被转化成一
系列的fragment(或者称为像素),这些fragment接下来要做ps操作，此时每个fragment都有位置、颜色、纹理坐标这些属性信息，这
些属性信息通过顶点属性用插值方法得到的。比如下面的primtive，输入数据中只有a,b,c三个顶点的信息，则三角形内部经过扫描转化得到的像素f
的颜色则是通过插值得到，d是a、b的差值，e是a、c的差值，然后f又是d、e的插值。<br>
</p><center><img src="%E3%80%90GPU%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E3%80%91%E9%80%8F%E8%A7%86%E6%A0%A1%E6%AD%A3%E6%8F%92%E5%80%BC%20_%20Imagination%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E7%A4%BE%E5%8C%BA_files/1940-3638-01.jpg" alt="1"></center><p></p>
<p>下图是clip裁剪锥体的xz平面，从图中可以看出，在投影平面的均匀插值(一系列蓝色的标记)，它们实际位置距离并不是均匀的，距离投影平面越远，实际位置距离越长，所以这是我们采用线性插值的话，可能最终的结果并不是我们所想要的。<br>
</p><center><img src="%E3%80%90GPU%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E3%80%91%E9%80%8F%E8%A7%86%E6%A0%A1%E6%AD%A3%E6%8F%92%E5%80%BC%20_%20Imagination%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E7%A4%BE%E5%8C%BA_files/1940-3639-2.jpg" alt="2"></center><p></p>
<p> 那么如何得到均匀的顶点属性插值呢？稍等一下，我们先看看深度插值：</p>
<p>     
点O是视点位置，从视点观察物体的投射线和投影平面相交的点即为物体在投影平面上的投射点，比如(x1,z1)在投影平面上的投射点为(p1,-e)，投
射线的方程为ax+bx =c ， 其中c不能等于0，假设点(x,z)的和O在投影平面的交点为(p,-e)(注意z坐标总是-e)，则有<img src="%E3%80%90GPU%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E3%80%91%E9%80%8F%E8%A7%86%E6%A0%A1%E6%AD%A3%E6%8F%92%E5%80%BC%20_%20Imagination%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E7%A4%BE%E5%8C%BA_files/1940-3640-3fuben.jpg" alt="3"></p>
<p>解出x，并把它带入到ax+b=c中，得到<br>
</p><center><img src="%E3%80%90GPU%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E3%80%91%E9%80%8F%E8%A7%86%E6%A0%A1%E6%AD%A3%E6%8F%92%E5%80%BC%20_%20Imagination%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E7%A4%BE%E5%8C%BA_files/1940-3641-4.jpg" alt="4"></center><p></p>
<p>已知端点<x1,z1>,<x2,z2>的投影坐标为<br>
<p1,-e>,<br>
<p2,-e>，假定p3=(1-t)p1+tp2 (0&lt;=t&lt;=1)，即p3是投影平面上2个端点的线性差值的x分量，则有下面的推导公式：<br>
</p2,-e></p1,-e></x2,z2></x1,z1></p><center><img src="%E3%80%90GPU%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E3%80%91%E9%80%8F%E8%A7%86%E6%A0%A1%E6%AD%A3%E6%8F%92%E5%80%BC%20_%20Imagination%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E7%A4%BE%E5%8C%BA_files/1940-3642-5fuben.jpg" alt="5"></center><p></p>
<p>   可见，z的倒数是线性插值，所以我们可以用顶点的z值来插值求得primitive内部fragment的属性值，比如颜色等等。假定<x1,z1>的颜色为b1, <x2,z2>的颜色为把b2，则<x,z>的颜色为b3为：<br>
</x,z></x2,z2></x1,z1></p><center><img src="%E3%80%90GPU%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E3%80%91%E9%80%8F%E8%A7%86%E6%A0%A1%E6%AD%A3%E6%8F%92%E5%80%BC%20_%20Imagination%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E7%A4%BE%E5%8C%BA_files/1940-3643-6.jpg" alt="6"></center><p></p>
<p>可见用深度导数来插值顶点属性是合适的。</p>
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      <div class="item-list"><ul><li class="first"><a href="http://imgtec.eetrend.com/blog/7612#comment-994">这不就是 metal 和 dx12 么</a><br>1 周 1 天之前</li>
<li><a href="http://imgtec.eetrend.com/forum/7633#comment-993">网友jianggh问：pic32MZ2048ech SPI通讯问题？</a><br>1 周 3 天之前</li>
<li><a href="http://imgtec.eetrend.com/forum/7633#comment-992">网友jianggh问：pic32MZ2048ech SPI通讯问题？</a><br>1 周 3 天之前</li>
<li><a href="http://imgtec.eetrend.com/forum/7633#comment-991">网友jianggh问：pic32MZ2048ech SPI通讯问题？</a><br>1 周 3 天之前</li>
<li><a href="http://imgtec.eetrend.com/forum/4534#comment-990">楼主，你好，最近也在学pic32mz,用的是pic32mz</a><br>1 周 3 天之前</li>
<li><a href="http://imgtec.eetrend.com/forum/7585#comment-989">我也在看这个</a><br>1 周 5 天之前</li>
<li><a href="http://imgtec.eetrend.com/forum/7273#comment-988">“参与微信投票送平板”的活动开奖了！！！</a><br>2 周 6 天之前</li>
<li><a href="http://imgtec.eetrend.com/forum/7499#comment-987">网友aspire.l问：pic32mz0512eff064外部时钟配置？</a><br>4 周 3 天之前</li>
<li><a href="http://imgtec.eetrend.com/forum/7464#comment-986">PIC32MZ 关于SPI 时序操作EEPROM例程</a><br>4 周 5 天之前</li>
<li class="last"><a href="http://imgtec.eetrend.com/forum/7452#comment-985">网友fpga答：适合的RTOS你可以看这里：</a><br>4 周 6 天之前</li>
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